Four-sided planer is classified according to the processing width, the number of cutter shafts, the feed speed and the cutting power, and is generally divided into three types: light, medium and heavy. The main parameter to measure the machining ability of the four-sided planer is the maximum width that can be machined, followed by the feed speed, the number of cutter shafts and the cutting power.

1. Light four-sided planer

The light four-sided planer is generally equipped with 4 cutter shafts with a processing width of 20mm～180mm. The arrangement of the cutter shafts is usually two horizontal and two vertical. Among them, the upper horizontal tool axis and the left vertical tool axis can be moved and adjusted. The feed adopts the roller traction or the starting end roller to advance the feed.

2. Medium-sized four-sided planer

Medium-sized four-sided planers are generally equipped with five or six cutter shafts, and the processing width is 20mm～230mm. The arrangement and sequence of the four cutter shafts before the five-axis four-sided planer are exactly the same as those of the four-axis four-sided planer. The fifth cutter axis is rotatable and is mainly used for forming milling, or the fifth cutter axis is a lower horizontal cutter axis, which is mainly used for precision machining. The six-axis four-sided planer is based on the five-axis four-sided planer. A lower horizontal cutter shaft is added in front of all the cutter shafts, equipped with a toothed milling cutter, and the lower part of the wood workpiece is processed twice to obtain one Accurate machining benchmarks ensure machining accuracy.

3. Heavy-duty four-sided planer

The heavy-duty four-sided planer has seven or eight cutter shafts, and the processing width is more than 200mm. The heavy-duty four-sided planer is mostly improved on the basis of the six-axis four-sided planer, but the last two shafts have more changes. According to the different processing purposes, the main purpose is to process the high-precision reference surface or the four-sided planer of the forming surface. Generally, a rotary knife shaft is added to the last end of the six-axis four-sided planer to form a seven-tool shaft, which is rotated by two. The tool shaft is used to process more complex profiles. Or add a vertical tool axis on the basis of the six-axis four-sided planer, and use the vertical tool axis and the rotatable tool axis to do complex surface processing. The eight-axis four-sided planer is generally two up, two down and three vertical and one rotating tool axis, or two up, two down, two vertical and two rotating tool axes, which are used to process larger forming surfaces or accurately process cross-sectional sizes. A few heavy-duty four-sided planers are equipped with a scraper box or sanding roller at the rear end, the purpose of which is also to obtain precise size and shape.

The light four-sided planer is used to process square lumber with a small length and good rigidity, or a plate with a thickness-to-width ratio of less than 1/4. When the length is less than 1m, the wool can be directly processed by four-sided planing, or it can be used for standard board square lumber. Tenoning and grooving processing. The medium-sized four-sided planer is used for the processing of square materials or formed surfaces with a specification cross-sectional shape. The five-axis four-sided planer can process one forming surface. The six-axis four-sided planer is mainly used for the processing of flat or formed surfaces with high precision requirements, with 6 cutter axes. The two lower horizontal tool shafts at the front end of the center process the workpiece twice, mainly to improve the accuracy of the positioning reference.

There are two types of heavy-duty four-sided planers. One is that the processed workpiece has a simple cross-sectional shape, the processing accuracy and surface finish are not high, but the length of the workpiece is relatively large. The machine tool used in this type of processing has high feed speed, large processing volume, and high power of the machine tool. The wool can meet the requirements after a single cutting process, such as car box panels. The other is to process complex molding surfaces with high precision and high surface finish. This type of processing feed speed is not high, but the cutter shaft speed is high, and the processing amount is not large. The machine tool requires at least one cutter shaft to rotate, such as processing lines, Matching floor and so on.